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- <text>
- <title>
- (Jan. 06, 1992) Environment
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1992
- Jan. 06, 1992 Man of the Year:Ted Turner
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- ENVIRONMENT, Page 68
- BEST OF 1991
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p> 1. ANTARCTICA TREATY
- </p>
- <p> Believe it or not, the White Continent has already been
- fouled by oil spills and garbage dumps, but efforts are under
- way to prevent further damage. All but two of the 26 nations
- that jointly set policy on Antarctica, including the U.S.,
- agreed on a treaty that will ban mining and mineral exploration
- on the continent for at least 50 years.
- </p>
- <p> 2. JOHN SUNUNU'S RESIGNATION
- </p>
- <p> The White House chief of staff was notorious for his
- hostility to environmentalists and their agenda. If it was good
- for the earth but bad for business, Sununu's opposition
- generally persuaded the President--witness the
- Administration's refusal to take global warming seriously.
- </p>
- <p> 3. TOXINS RECONSIDERED
- </p>
- <p> Fresh studies and new interpretations of old data
- suggested that some feared substances--dioxin, radon and
- asbestos--were less toxic or carcinogenic than previously
- thought. They aren't exactly part of a complete breakfast, but
- slight exposures aren't inevitably fatal either.
- </p>
- <p> 4. DERAILMENT OF THE ENERGY BILL
- </p>
- <p> The Johnston-Wallop energy bill in the Senate downplayed
- conservation, boosted nuclear power and called for oil
- exploration in Alaska's pristine Arctic National Wildlife
- Refuge. It was this last provision that sparked the threat of
- a filibuster, forcing the bill's sponsors to bail out.
- </p>
- <p> 5. DRIFT NETS BACK IN THE DOCK
- </p>
- <p> After years of moral and political pressure from around
- the world, Japan finally agreed that its commercial fishing
- fleets would stop using drift nets by the end of 1992. These
- enormous webworks float through the oceans, efficiently
- gathering up food fish but also killing dolphins and other
- marine mammals.
- </p>
- <p> ...AND THE WORST
- </p>
- <p> 1. VANISHING OZONE
- </p>
- <p> The Antarctic ozone hole has gone global. Under assault by
- man-made chlorofluorocarbons, levels of the vital stratospheric
- gas have begun to decline over temperate latitudes both north
- and south of the equator, including the skies above most of the
- continental U.S. The thinning ozone layer lets more solar
- ultraviolet light reach the ground, and the incidence of skin
- cancer and cataracts is likely to rise as a result.
- </p>
- <p> 2. GULF WAR
- </p>
- <p> The impact of bombs and marauding armies was bad enough.
- So why did Iraq have to dump millions of gallons of oil into
- the fragile waters of the Persian Gulf and thus devastate its
- marine life? And set an estimated 650 oil-well fires that spewed
- untold tons of smoke into the air? Some of the direst
- predictions, including altered weather patterns across Asia,
- failed to materialize, and the well fires were put out in only
- eight months (actually faster than expected). But in Kuwait
- itself, the air remained acrid the whole time, and the oil that
- seeped into the sandy soil will stay there for years.
- </p>
- <p> 3. MOUNT PINATUBO'S ERUPTION
- </p>
- <p> The big blowup of 1991 rained volcanic ash on the
- Philippines and triggered massive mudslides. It also lofted 15
- million to 20 million tons of sulfur dioxide high into the
- atmosphere, creating droplets of sulfuric acid that will reflect
- some of the sun's heat back into space. That could hold off
- global warming for a few years, but when the volcanic gas
- dissipates, The earth could make up for lost time and heat up
- uncomfortably fast.
- </p>
- <p> 4. WHITE HOUSE ON WETLANDS
- </p>
- <p> During his presidential campaign, George Bush promised "no
- net loss of wetlands." But under pressure from business, his
- Administration proposed a new definition of a wetland that would
- open at least 12 million hectares (30 million acres) of
- off-limits land to development. It was a good try, but
- opposition prompted the White House to back away, at least
- temporarily, from a policy change that was all wet.
- </p>
- <p> 5. BIOSPHERE 2
- </p>
- <p> Eight Biosphereans in color-coordinated jumpsuits plan to
- spend two years in an enclosed 1.3-hectare (3.15-acre) microcosm
- of earth. But since real scientists do not understand even
- simple ecosystems yet, the idea that anyone can accurately
- simulate an entire world is just short of ridiculous.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-